Prospects for the development of hydrogen energy in the Russian Federation

Abstract

Introduction. The demand for hydrogen in the energy market is annually increasing, which is due to the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions with the subsequent increase in the share of energy from renewable energy sources. The leading countries in the hydrogen energy market, which include China, the USA, Russia, Japan and the European Union, are extensively developing technologies for the production, storage, and transportation of hydrogen, expanding the areas of its use and sales. At the same time, a competent development strategy for the country’s hydrogen industry is the determining factor in the successful stimulation and selection of directions for hydrogen development and use. For Russia, the issue of designing a strategy for hydrogen energy is quite acute due to the lack of clear plans and applied mechanisms to stimulate the development of the hydrogen industry.

Purpose. The paper aims at analyzing the directions and prospects for hydrogen energy development in the Russian Federation, taking into account international strategies for the development and stimulation of the hydrogen industry.

Materials and Methods. The study analyzes and generalizes the results of domestic and foreign research, international reports and regulatory documentation in hydrogen energy development, as well as synthesizes the recommendations derived from the analysis for stimulating the development of hydrogen energy.

Results. The key development strategies of leading countries for hydrogen energy mainly focus on the investments in new technologies, tax incentives to both hydrogen producers and those who use hydrogen as a fuel, as well as to the companies involved in the carbon capture, use and storage (CCUS) of CO₂. Most of the strategies used abroad are currently absent in Russia.

Conclusion. The prospects and directions for hydrogen energy development in Russia were determined, and the recommendations for further development of the hydrogen industry included: 1) compiling and updating a register of promising hydrogen projects; 2) participation in public-private partnerships and consortia for hydrogen development; 3) grants for scientific projects and tax benefits for hydrogen projects; 4) investments from legal entities; 5) working together with the Government of the Russian Federation to develop and update hydrogen strategy.

Keywords: hydrogen, strategy, development, energy, production, emissions reduction, carbon, CCUS, electrolysis, low-carbon transition

For citation

Saitova A. A., Ilyinsky A. A., Dzhemilev E. R. Prospects for the development of hydrogen energy in the Russian Federation. Perm University Herald. Economy, 2023, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 423–444. DOI 10.17072/1994-9960-2023-4-423-444. EDN RAUWIP.

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