Improvement of the regulatory support for science and industry as the key condition for the implementation of the innovative scenario of Russia’s development

Abstract

This article contains an analytical review of the current regulatory basis in the sphere of science and industry. The detailed analysis of the legal environment makes it possible to reveal the existing gaps in the Russian legislation, determine the root causes of it and suggest some ways to resolve these issues. The purpose of the study is to develop recommendations to make the regulatory policy of science and industry more effective according to the innovative scenario of the Russian economic development. The methodological basis of the research includes general scientific methods of cognition, tools of interdisciplinary and system-logical approaches and economic analysis of the regulatory environment. The scientific novelty of this research is to determine the main actions to provide technological independence of Russia taking into account the mentioned gaps of the current regulatory support. Having analyzed the legislative framework the authors have identified the main tendencies of regulatory support for science and industry as well as some shortcomings of the government scientific and industrial policy. The contemporary tendencies in the regulation and development of science and industry are expressed in a constant appeal to new methods and forms of support for innovative activity of industrial enterprises and also in a formation of a system of indicators for the achievement of goals based on profit. These tendencies are negative for the Russian economy of industry as they impede Russia's transition to the innovative development way. With regard to the disadvantages of the scientific and industrial policy the most significant of them is the absence of the legislatively fixed responsibility of the authorities for its implementation. In addition, according to the results of this research, the authors have suggested the target-oriented approach which makes it possible to organize the innovative, scientific and technological strategies of economic development of Russia in a new way: to set certain goals, tasks, timeframes for implementation as well as to identify executors who are responsible for results concerning a specific project. As the primary targets for providing Russia's leadership on the global market of high-technology products the following directions of improvement of the regulatory basis have been proposed: introduction of amendments and additions to the legal acts regarding the issue of import substitution, the formation of new markets for high-technology products and also the priority of research and development that are potentially in demand by the Russian companies. The application of the developed recommendations to improve the legal regulation of science and industry in practice will give an opportunity to increase the effectiveness of the government scientific and industrial policy and provide the Russian technological independence.

Keywords

industrial policy, innovative activity, regulatory basis, government regulation, development strategy, high-technology products, fundamental research, industrial economics, import substitution, technological independence

For citation

Balashova E.S., Gnezdilova O.I. Improvement of the regulatory support for science and industry as the key condition for the implementation of the innovative scenario of Russia’s development. Perm University Herald. Economy, 2017, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 263–278. DOI 10.17072/1994-9960-2017-2-263-278

References

1. Akaev A.A. Srednesrochnaya importozameshchayushchaya modernizatsiya – puskovoi mekhan-izm strategii formirovaniya innovatsionnoi ekonomiki Rossii [Medium-term import substitution modernization as a trigger for the Russian innovation economy formation strategy]. MIR (Modernizatsiya. Innovatsii. Razvitie) [MIR (Modernization. Innovation. Research)], 2013, no. 14, pp. 4–14. (In Russian).
2. Milskaya E.A., Babkina N.I. Promyshlennaya politika Rosii v usloviyakh formirovaniya inno-vatsionnoi ekonomiki [Industrial policy of Russia in the conditions of formation of innovative economy]. Izvestiya Yugo-Zapadnogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ser. «Ekonomika. Sotsiologiya. Menedzhment» [South-West State University News. Economy. Sociology. Management], 2014, no. 4, pp. 11–19. (In Russian).
3. Pavlova N.I., Shibaeva N.A. Problemy formirovaniya institutov zakonodatel'nogo regulirovaniya innovatsionnoi deyatel'nosti v Rosiiskoi Federatsii [Formation problems of institutions of legislative regulation of innovative activity in the Russian Federation]. Vestnik OrelGIET [OrelSIET Bulleten], 2014, no. 4 (30), pp. 1–8. (In Russian).
4. Mensch G., Vasudevan Ramanujam. Improving the Strategy-Innovation Link. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 1985, no. 2(4). pp. 213–223. doi: 10.1111.1540-5885.240213/epdf.
5. Nelson R. National Innovation Systems. A Comparative Analysis. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1993. 560 p.
6. Nureev R.M. The Theory of Innovations and Its Implementation in Modern Russia // 17th Annual Conference of the European Society for the History of Economic Thought. ESHET. London, 2013. pp. 115–116.
7. Freeman C., Soete L. The economics of industrial innovation. London and New York, Routledge, 1997. 409 p.
8. Dynkin A.A., Ivanova N.I. Innovatsionnye prioritety gosudarstva [Innovative priorities of the government]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 2005. 275 p. (In Russian).
9. Kuzyk B.N., Yakovets U.V. Strategiya innovatsionnogo proryva [Strategy of innovative break-through]. Moscow, Ekonomika Publ., 2005. 621 p. (In Russian).
10. Balashova E.S., Gnezdilova O.I. Problemy pravovogo regulirovaniya innovatsionnoi deyatel'nosti v Rossii [Legal regulation problems of Russian innovative activities]. Innovatsionnaya nauka. Ser. «Ekonomika i ekonomicheskie nauki» [Innovative Science. Economy and Economic Sciences], 2016, no. 3-1 (15), pp. 62–67. (In Russian).
11. Colombo M., Grilli L., Piscitello L., Rossi-Lamastra C. Science and Innovation Policy for the New Knowledge Economy. Cheltenham, Edward Elgar Publ., 2011. 208 p.
12. Alisenov A.S. Nalogovoe stimulirovanie innovatsii v economike Rossii [Innovation Tax Credits in Russian economics]. Moscow, Prospekt Publ., 2015. 128 p. (In Russian).
13. Makoveev V.N. Zarubezhnyi opyt stanovleniya naukoemkikh proizvodstv [Foreign experience of formation of high-tech industries]. Vestnik CHGU [Bulletin of the Cherepovets State University], 2013, no. 3 (50), pp. 62–67. (In Russian).
14. Fonotov A.G. Strategiya–2035. Zhelaemoe. Vozmozhnoe. Dostizhimoe [Strategy–2035. Desira-ble. Possible. Achievable]. Innovatsionnaya Rossiya [Innovative Russia], 2016, no. 6, pp. 24–31. (In Russian).
15. Ivanov V.V. Nauchno-innovatsionnyi krizis i puti ego preodoleniya [Research and innovation crisis and ways of its overcoming]. Innovatsii [Innovations], 2015, no. 11, pp. 12–19. (In Russian).
16. Klaus Sh. Chetvertaya promyshlennaya revolutsiya [The fourth industrial revolution]. Moscow, Izdatel'stvo «E» Publ., 2017. 208 p. (In Russian).
17. Volkova O.N. Postroenie promyshlennoi politiki kak vazhnyi shag dlya ukrepleniya proivod-stvennykh otraslei Rossii [Development of the industrial policy as an important step for the consolidation of Russian production spheres]. Rossiiskoe predprinimatel'stvo [Russian Entrepreneurship], 2015, no. 22 (16), pp. 3951–3958. (In Russian). doi:10.18334/rp.16.22.2078.
18. Betelin V.B. O probleme importozameshcheniya i al'ternativnoi modeli economicheskogo razvitiya Rossii [On the problem of import substitution and alternative economic model of Russia]. Strategicheskie prioritety (jelectronnyi mezhdunarodnyi nauchno-analiticheskii zhurnal) [Strategic Priorities. International Scientific Analytical Journal], 2016, no. 1 (9). (In Russian) Avaliable at: http://sec.chgik.ru/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/SP-16-1.pdf (accessed 12.12.2016).
19. Mingaleva Zh., Mirskikh I. The protection of Intellectual property in educational process. Proce-dia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2013, pp. 1059–1062. (In Russian).
20. Kotov A.I. Innovatsionnaya deyatel'nost' i predprinimatel'skaya sreda: vremya idet – pro-tivorechiya ostaiutsya [Innovation and business environment: the time is – contradictions remain]. Innovatsii [Innovations], 2012, no. 4, pp. 107–113. (In Russian).
21. Tsypina S.I. Strategiya razvitiya promyshlennoi politiki Rossii s ispol'zovaniem instrumenta lizinga [The development strategy of Russia's industrial policy with the use of the leasing instrument]. Uprav-lenie ekonomicheskimi sistemami (jelectronnyi nauchnii zhurnal) [Management of Economic Systems. Elec-tronic Scientific Journal], 2015, no. 4. (In Russian) Avaliable at: http://uecs.ru/makroekonomika/item/3468-2015-04-28-08-27-14 (accessed 20.02.2017).
22. Yurieva T.V. Innovative social economy: formation and development in Russia. Science Pro-spects, 2011, no. 12, pp. 271–276.
23. Meshkova T.A., Moiseichev E.IA. Russia's experience of foresight implementation in global value chain research. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 2016, 5:9. doi: 10.1186/s13731-016-0039-7.
24. Shatov A., Safargaleeva E. O roli intellektual'noi sobstvennosti v innovatsionnom razvitii strany [About intellectual property in innovative development of the country]. Ekonomika i upravlenie (jelektronnyi nauchno-prakticheskii zhurnal) [Economy and Management. Electronic scientific and practical journal], 2014, no. 4. (In Russian) Available at: http://www.bagsurb.ru/about/journal/scientific_seminars/SHATOV,%
20SAFARGALEEVA.pdf (accessed 12.12.2016).
25. Nazarov M.A., Fomin E.P. Problemy razvitiya innovtsionnoi infrastruktury v rossiiskoi ekonomike [Features of innovation infrastructure development in Russian economy]. Ekonomika i upravlenie. Ser. «Ekonomicheskie nauki» [Economy and Management. Economic Sciences], 2015, no. 4 (125), pp. 38–43. (In Russian).
26. Mazilov E.A. Osnovnye indikatory i faktory innovatsionnogo razvitiya promyshlennosti regiona [Main indicators and factors of innovative development of the industry of the region]. Menedzhment i biznes-administrirovanie [Management and Business Administration], 2013, no. 1, pp. 166–178. (In Russian).

Show full text