Methodology of accounting and measurement of educational migration of population: Problems and prospects of development

Abstract

The work is devoted to the overview of existing measurement methodologies of educational migration. The aim of the article is the analysis of existing methods of data collection of this demographic process. The article shows that are currently neglected such displacement, despite the growing outflow of young people in Central universities for various reasons. Insufficient data does not allow to assess the scale of the problem of outflow of the population beyond the region and their further migration. One of the most reliable sources of information on migration is the system of statistical accounting in the Federal service of state statistics of the Russian Federation, but it does not give detailed data on educational migration. Among the main institutions for collecting data on migration are agencies (the Federal Migration Service, the Ministry of Education and Science, the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of Population) and their subordinate organizations. Today, the demand for multifaceted knowledge of the mechanisms and trends of migration increased significantly. This determines the close attention of representatives of many branches of scientific knowledge to it. In sociology, the application of qualitative methods in the study of population migration is actualized. In the rapidly changing social conditions sociology qualitative methods (biographical interviews, focus-groups, in-depth interviews, etc.) are becoming an important tool for obtaining information. The article summarizes the above methodological approaches, shows their advantages and disadvantages. In the course of the study, domestic and foreign experience in collecting data on educational migration was considered. The novelty of the study consists in a retrospective analysis of the main sources of data on educational migration. The conclusion is made that the use of statistical accounting and sociological observation in aggregate will allow to reveal the current state of educational migration of the population, further migration attitudes of young people, as well as specific factors that affect the further movement of graduates of educational organizations for the purpose of modeling.

Keywords

migration, educational migration, migration data, statistical accounting, statistical accounting methodology, sociological survey, qualitative methods, agent-based modeling, human capital

For citation

Korepina Т.А. Methodology of accounting and measurement of educational migration of population: Problems and prospects of development. Perm University Herald. Economy, 2018, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 319–333. DOI 10.17072/1994-9960-2018-2-319-333

References

1. Varshavskaya E.Ya., Chudinovskikh O.S Migratsionnye plany vypusknikov regional'nykh vuzov Rossii [Migration intentions of graduates of Russia's regional higher educational institutions].Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seriya 6. Ekonomika [Moscow University Economics Bulletin], 2014, no. 3, pp. 36–58. (In Russian).
2. Nefedova T.G., Treivish A.I. Treivish A.I. Teoriya «differentsial'noi urbanizatsii» i ierarkhiya gorodov v Rossii na rubezhe XXI veka [The theory of «differential urbanization» and hierarchy of cities in Russia]. Problemy urbanizatsii na rubezhe vekov [Problems of urbanization at the turn of the century]. Smolensk, Oikumena Publ., 2002, pp. 71–86. (In Russian).
3. Mitin D.N. Obrazovatel'naya (uchebnaya) migratsiya: ponyatie, problemy i puti resheniya [Educational migration: The notion, problems and ways of solution]. Vestnik Rossiiskogo universiteta druzhby narodov. Seriya: Politologiya [RUDN Journal of Political Science], 2010, no. 3, pp. 123–133. (In Russian).
4. Korepina T.A. Sravnitel'nyi analiz podkhodov k modelirovaniyu migratsii [Comparative analysis of approaches to migration simulation]. Voprosy territorialnogo razvitiya [Territorial Development Issues (online edition)], 2017, no. 1 (36). (In Russian). Available at: http://vtr.vscc.ac.ru/article/2132/full (accessed 25.11.2017).
5. Leonidova G.V., Vyacheslavov V.N. Gendernye osobennosti vnutriregional'noi migratsii naseleniya [Gender specifics of intraregional migration]. Voprosy territorial'nogo razvitiya [Territorial Development Issues (online edition)], 2016, no. 2 (32). (In Russian). Available at: http://vtr.vscc.ac.ru/article/1822/full (accessed 27.11.2017).
6. Makarov V.L., Bakhtizin A.R., Sushko E.D., Ageeva A.F. Agent-orientirovannyi podkhod pri modelirovanii trudov o imigratsii iz Kitaya v Rossiyu [Agent-based approach for modelling the labour migration from China to Russia]. Ekonomika regiona [Economy of Region], 2017, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 331–341. (In Russian). doi 10.17059/2017-2-1.
7. Panov M.M. Analiz migratsionnykh potokov naseleniya raionovVologodskoi oblasti [Analysis of migration flows of the population of the Vologda Oblast districts]. Ekonomicheskie i sotsial'nye peremeny: fakty, tendentsii, prognoz [Economic and Social Changes: Facts, Trends, Forecast], 2015, no. 4, pp. 124–138. (In Russian). doi: 10.15838/esc/2015.4.40.8.
8. Ledeneva L.I. Istoriya formirovaniya statisticheskogo ucheta uchebnoi migratsii v SSSR [History of statistical accounting of educational migration in the USSR]. Voprosy statistiki [Statistical Issues], 2009, no. 3, pp. 68–76. (In Russian).
9. Ledeneva L.I., Nekipelova E.F. Emigratsionnye namereniya elitarnoi nauchnoi molodezhi [Emigration intentions of the elite scientific youth]. Demoskop Weekly [Demoscope Weekly], 2003, no. 115. (In Russian). Available at: http://demoscope.ru/weekly/2003/0115/tema02.php (accessed 20.11.2017).
10. Chudinovskikh O.S. Prichiny i posledstviya krizisa rossiiskoi migratsionnoi statistiki [The causes and consequences of the crisis of Russian migration statistics]. Otechestvennye zapiski [National Notes], 2004, no. 4 (19). (In Russian). Available at: http://www.strana-oz.ru/2004/4/prichiny-i-posledstviya-krizisa-rossiyskoy-migracionnoy-statistiki (accessed 20.11.2017).
11. Chudinovskikh O.S. Prichiny migratsii v Rossiyu [The reasons for migration to Russia]. Problemy prognozirovaniya [Studies on Russian Economic Development], 1998, no. 5, pp. 121–132. (In Russian).
12. Popov D.S., Tyumeneva Yu.A., Kuz'mina Yu.V. Sovremennye obrazovatel'nye traektorii shkol'nikov i studentov [Modern educational trajectories of schoolchildren and students]. Sociologicheskie issledovaniya [Sociological Studies], 2012, no. 2, pp. 135–142. (In Russian).
13. Roshchina Ya.M. Semeinyi kapital kak faktor obrazovatel'nykh vozmozhnostei rossiiskikh shkol'nikov [Family capital as a factor in the educational opportunities of Russian schoolchildren]. Voprosy obrazovaniya [Education Studies Moscow], 2012, no. 1, pp. 257–277. (In Russian).
14. Motrich E.L., Li E.L., Skripnik E.O. Studenchestvo Khabarovskogo kraya. Sotsial'no-professional'nye i migratsionnye orientiry i motivatsiya povedeniya [Students of Khabarovsk Krai. Socio-professional and migration orientations and behavior motivation (Khabarovsk territory)]. Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya [Sociological Studies], 2008, no. 5, pp. 47–57. (In Russian).
15. Goltsova E.V. Migratsionnoe povedenie molodezhi Irkutskoi oblasti [Migration behavior of the youth in Irkutsk region]. Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya [Sociological Studies], 2017, no. 5, pp. 103–109. (In Russian).
16. Gorbunova E.V., Ul'yanova V.V., Furmanov K.K. Postroenie modeli vybytiya studentov po dannym universitetov s raznoi periodichnost'yu rubezhnogo kontrolya [Using data from universities with different structure of academic year to model student attrition]. Prikladnaya ekonometrika [Applied Econometrics], 2017, no. 1 (45), pp. 116–135. (In Russian).
17. Castles S., Miller M. The age of migration: International population movement in the modem world. London, 1998. 401 p.
18. Hunt J.C., Kau J.B. Migration and wage growth: A human capital approach. Southern Economic Journal, 1985, vol. 51, no. 3, pp. 697–710.
19. Johnson J.H., Salt J. Labour migration within organizations: An introductory study. Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie, 1980, vol. 71, no. 5, pp. 277 – 284.
20. Kananec M., Kralikova R. Higher educational policy and migration: The role of educational student mobility. CESifo DICE Report, 2011, pp. 20–27.
21. Borjas G. J. Immigration and welfare magnets. Journal of Labor Economics, 1999, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 607–637.
22. Heiland F. The collapse of the Berlin wall: Simulating state-level East to West German migration patterns. In Book: Agent-based computational demography. Billari F.C., Prskawetz A. (eds.). Springer-Verlag Heidelberg, 2003, pp. 73–96.
23. Moska I., Wright R.E. National and international graduate migration flows. Population Trends, 2010, vol. 141, iss. 1, pp. 36 – 53.
24. Sage J., Evandrou M., Falkingham J. The complex migration pathways of UK graduates. CPC Briefing Paper, 2012, no. 9. Available at: https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/344930/1/BP9_Migration_ Pathways_of_UK_Graduates%255B1%255D.pdf (accessed15.11.2017).
25. Ivanova E.I. Migratsionnye namereniya sovremennykh pokolenii rossiyan: novaya volna migratsii [Migration intentions of contemporary generations in Russia: A new wave]. Problemy prognozirovaniya [Studies on Russian Economic Development], 2017, no. 3, pp. 106–118. (In Russian).

Show full text