Development of digital platforms as a competitiveness factor of modern economic systems
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17072/1994-9960-2019-4-551-564Abstract
Digital platforms, as well as the platform ecosystems that they form, are currently able to upgrade entire industries and various types of socio-economic activity. These platforms drive of innovations, economic growth and competition in modern economy. Business structures that are using digital platform solutions are gaining significant competitive advantages in the global market, which is especially important in the context of globalization. The aim of the research is to investigate the essence, principles and conditions of the platform economy, which allows us to create open, digital ecosystems with many users. Theoretically and methodologically the research is based on the scientific works of Russian and foreign scientists, that concern the use of platform technologies in the management of economic systems. The scientific novelty of the research is to specify the concepts of digital platform functioning, its technological content in the transition to a knowledge-based economy, carried out as a continuous accumulation of innovations (digital technologies), leading to the formation of new competitive advantages and ensuring the implementation of selected strategies of behavior, taking into account the balance of interests of participants. The content of platform economy has been revealed in terms of the study. The article describes the problems that may be solved implementing digital platforms as integrated digital systems that provide multilateral user interaction to exchange information in order to optimize business processes, reduce transaction costs, to improve the efficiency of supply chains of goods and services. The main features, opportunities and threats associated with the activities of digital platforms and their use to improve the competitiveness of economic entities in the world markets have been considered. The digital economy has been characterized as a system that unites several digital platforms of different industries or market segments with common customers and provides conditions for innovative development and distribution of digital devices, digital products, digital services and applications. We have developed digital platform functioning models considering the platform key conceptual features and technological peculiarities of implementation of efficient business models of management in complicated economic systems. The practical significance of the results obtained is determined by the possibility of their application in the practice of management of economic entities in the conditions of digital transformation, scientific and analytical studies of the development of digital platforms in Russia. Further studies in the field will be devoted to the development of the ways that will improve the efficiency of economic systems by identifying mechanisms and the ways that will reduce transaction costs of digital platforms.
Keywordsdigital economy, digital technologies, platform economy, digital platforms, platform solutions, digital transformation, business structures, business models, competitiveness, platform companies
For citationGolovina T.A., Polyanin A.V., Avdeeva I.L. Development of digital platforms as a competitiveness factor of modern economic systems. Perm University Herald. Economy, 2019, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 551–564. DOI 10.17072/1994-9960-2019-4-551-564
References1. Valenduc G., Vendramin P. Digitalisation, between disruption and evolution. Transfer, 2017, vol. 23, iss. 2, pp. 121–134.
2. Caillaud B., Jullien B. Chicken and egg: Competition among intermediation service providers. Rand Journal of Economics, 2003, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 309–328.
3. Eisenmann T., Parker G., van Alstyne M. Strategies for two-sided markets. Harvard Business Review, 2006, vol. 84, no. 10, pp. 92–101.
4. Eisenmann T.R. Managing proprietary and shared platforms. California Management Review, 2008, vol. 50, no. 4, pp. 31–53.
5. Evans D.S., Schmalensee R., Noel M.D., Chang H.H., Garcia-Swartz D.D. Platform economics: Essays on multi-sided businesses. December 17, 2011. Available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=1974020 (accessed 16.10.2019).
6. Katz M., Shapiro K. Network externalities, competition, and compatibility. The American Economic Review, 1985, vol. 75, no. 3, pp. 424–440.
7. Rochet J., Tirole J. Platform competition in two-sided markets. Journal of the European Economic Association, 2003, no. 4, pp. 990–1029.
8. Richter C., Kraus S., Durst S., Giselbrecht C. Digital entrepreneurship: innovative business models for the sharing economy. Creativity and Innovation Management, 2019, vol. 26, iss. 3, pp. 300–310.
9. Tapskott D. Elektronno-tsifrovoe obshchestvo: Plyusy i minusy epokhi setevogo intellekta. Per. s ang. I. Dubinskogo. Pod red. S. Pisareva [E-digital society: Pros and cons of the era of network intelligence. Trans. from Engl. by I. Dubinskii, S. Pisarev (ed.)]. Kiev, INT Press; Moscow, Relf buk Publ., 1999. 432 p. (In Russian).
10. Negroponte N. Being digital. Chatham, Kent, Vintage Books, 1996, 272 p.
11. Hagiu A. Two-sided platforms: Product variety and pricing structures. Journal of Economics and Management Strategy, 2009, vol. 18, iss. 4, pp. 1011–1043.
12. Huws U. Labor in the global digital economy: The cybertariat comes of age. Monthly Review Press, 2014. 208 p.
13. Gawer A., Henderson R. Platform owner entry and innovation in complementary markets: Evidence from Intel. Journal of Economics and Management Strategy, 2007, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 1–34.
14. Baumol W.J. The microtheory of innovative entrepreneurship. Princeton, Princeton University Press, 2010. 264 p.
15. Babkin A.V., Chistyakova O.V. Tsifrovaya ekonomika i ee vliyanie na konkurentosposobnost' predprinimatel'skikh struktur [Digital economy and its impact on the competitiveness of the entrepreneurial structures]. Rossiiskoe predprinimatel'stvo [Russian Journal of Entrepreneurship], 2017, vol. 18, no. 24, pp. 4087–4102. (In Russian).
16. Dashuk E.V. Platforma kak biznes-model' tsifrovoi ekonomiki [Platform as a business model of digital economy]. Fundamental'nye osnovy innovatsionnogo razvitiya nauki i obrazovaniya. Sbornik statei IV Mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii [Fundamentals of the innovative development of science and education. Collection of articles of the IV International scientific-practical conference]. Penza: Izdatel'stvo “Nauka i Prosveshchenie”, 2019. P. 103–105.
17. Wessler M. Big data analytics for dummies. Hoboken, New Jersey, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Publ., 2013. 52 p.
18. Domrachev A.A., Evtushenko S.N., Kupriyanovskii V.P., Namiot D.E. Ob innovatsionnykh initsiativakh gosudarstv-chlenov EEP v oblasti postroeniya global'noi tsifrovoi ekonomiki [On the innovative initiatives of Member States of the EAEU in building a global digital economy]. Mezhdunarodnyi zhurnal otkrytykh informatsionnykh tekhnologii [International Journal of Open Information Technologies], 2016, no. 9, pp. 24–33. (In Russian).
19. Kazancheva Kh.K., Kil'chukova A.L. Perspektivy strategicheskogo upravleniya ekonomikoi regiona v usloviyakh asimmetrii znanii v realiyakh tsifrovoi ekonomiki [Prospects for strategic management of the region’s economy in the conditions of knowledge asymmetry in the realities of digital economy]. Izvestiya Kabardino-Balkarskogo nauchnogo tsentra RAN [Proceedings of Kabardino-Balkar scientific center of the Russian Academy of Science], 2017, no. 6-1 (80), pp. 143–151. (In Russian).
20. Shapiro C., Varian Hal R. Information rules: A strategic guide to the network economy. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Press. 1998. 368 p.
21. Vidas-Bubanja M., Bubanja, I. The Future of digital economy in SEE countries (Case study: Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina). 39th International Convention on Information and Communication Technology, Electronics and Microelectronics (mipro), 2016, pp. 1515–1520.
22. Dobrynin A.P. Tsifrovaya ekonomika – razlichnye puti effektivnogo primeneniya tekhnologii (BIM, PLM, CAD, IOT, Smart City, BIG DATA i dr.) [The Digital Economy – the various ways to the effective use of technology (BIM, PLM, CAD, IOT, Smart City, BIG DATA, and others)]. Mezhdunarodnyi zhurnal otkrytykh informatsionnykh tekhnologii [International Journal of Open Information Technologies], 2016. vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 4–11. (In Russian).
23. Starodubtseva E.B., Markova O.M. Tsifrovaya transformatsiya mirovoi ekonomiki [Digital transformation of the world economy]. Vestnik Astrakhanskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta. Seriya: Ekonomika [Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Economics], 2018, no. 2, pp. 7–15. (In Russian). doi: 10.24143/2073-5537-2018-2-7-15.
