Семейный бизнес как объект междисциплинарного исследования: обзор методологических подходов

Аннотация

Семейные компании занимают особое место в экономике любой страны. За последние два десятилетия появилось множество исследований, посвященных анализу специфики семейного бизнеса в разных областях экономической деятельности. При этом семейный бизнес как самостоятельный предмет изучения находится в стадии становления; он «растворен» в теоретических концепциях таких отраслей научного знания, как антропология, экономика, социология, психология, теория организации, организационное поведение, теория предпринимательства, стратегический менеджмент. В связи с этим целью авторского исследования является систематизация существующих методологических подходов к изучению семейного бизнеса для выявления перспективных направлений теоретических и эмпирических исследований данной категории в современной экономической науке. Методическую основу исследования составляют общенаучные методы познания и междисциплинарный методологический инструментарий. Доказано, что одновременное изучение семьи как системы и бизнеса имеет решающее значение для расширения понимания специфики семейных фирм и их стратегий, особенностей владения и управления данными компаниями, систематизации социально-психологических факторов, обеспечивающих их развитие. Основываясь на результатах комплексного обзора теоретико-методологических основ исследования семейного бизнеса, на базе междисциплинарного подхода выявлена специфика деятельности семейных компаний в ракурсе следующих четырех элементов, рассмотренных в трудах зарубежных исследователей: стратегия, структура владения, корпоративное управление и социальная психология. В ходе изучения особенностей корпоративного управления определена роль совета директоров в системе управления семейным бизнесом, показаны преимущества организации семейного совета как особого органа управления, выполняющего в том числе наблюдательную функцию и функцию обучения. Проведенный теоретико-методологический обзор может стать основой последующих исследований специфики семейного бизнеса в России.

Ключевые слова

семейный бизнес, эффективность управления, методология, междисциплинарный подход, стейкхолдеры, неформальные отношения, стратегия, корпоративное управление, структура владения, социальная психология

Для цитирования

Гергерт Д.В., Пономарева Т.В. Семейный бизнес как объект междисциплинарного исследования: обзор методологических подходов // Вестник Пермского университета. Сер. «Экономика». 2018. Том 13. № 1. С. 90–105. DOI 10.17072/1994-9960-2018-1-90-105

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